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Citrulline is an amino acid that promotes protein synthesis and fat loss. A French study from Paris Descartes University on overweight rats fed high-fat diets found that supplementing citrulline reduced blood sugar production in the liver, and triggered abdominal fat loss. Citrulline increases brown fat activity, which increases caloric expenditure and promotes fat burning. Brown fat is a highly thermogenic tissue that dissipates energy as heat instead of storing it as fat. Citrulline increased levels of hormone-sensitive lipase by 150 percent, which also promoted fat mobilization and use.

References:

(Molecular Nutrition Food Research, 58: 2320-2330, 2014)